Low protein diet and ketosteril in predialysis patients with renal failure

Source

Clinic of Nephrology, Higher Medical Institute, 15A Vassil Aprilov St., 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria.

Abstract

After a short review of the contemporary understanding of amino acid supplementation to low protein diets in patients with uremia we present the results of administration of ketosteril in 20 low-protein-diet patients on such a diet.

MATERIAL AND METHODS:

Twenty patients (10 men and 10 women) with stable II and III stage chronic renal failure were assigned to a low protein diet (protein up to 40 g/day). Ketosteril (6 tablets a day) were added to the diet. Some of the basic markers of protein metabolism and nitrogen balance were followed.

RESULTS:

No evidence of deteriorated protein synthesis was found in the therapy thus administered. Serum urea and creatinine values did not change and even tended to decrease. Glomerular filtration was found to increase insignificantly more markedly in the patients with renal failure in the early stages.

CONCLUSIONS:

A low protein diet with increased content of essential amino acids and their keto-analogues does not deteriorate the nitrogen balance of patients with chronic renal failure. By adding essential amino acids and keto-analogues a normal protein metabolism is maintained in spite of the reduce intake of protein substances with the diet. Supplementation of the diet of chronic renal failure patients with essential amino acids and keto-analogues allows a considerable reduction of the protein intake to be achieved which brings about reduction of glomerular hyperfiltration which actually retards the progression of renal failure and improves its short-term prognosis.

PMID:
11217281
[PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE]

Effect of a keto acid-amino acid supplement on the metabolism and renal elimination of branched-chain amino acids in patients with chronic renal insufficiency on a low protein diet

Source

Department of Nephrology, Transplant Center, Institute of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Postgraduate Medical School, Prague, Czech Republic. vladimir.teplan@medicon.cz

Abstract

The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of a low-protein diet supplemented with keto acids-amino acids on renal function and urinary excretion of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) in patients with chronic renal insufficiency (CRI). In a prospective investigation 28 patients with CRI (16 male, 12 female, aged 28-66 yrs, CCr 18.6 +/- 10.2 ml/min) on a low-protein diet (0.6 g of protein /kg BW/day and energy intake 140 kJ/kg BW/day) for a period of one month were included. Subsequently, this low protein diet was supplemented with keto acids-amino acids at a dose of 0.1 g/kg BW/day orally for a period of 3 months. Examinations performed at baseline and at the end of the follow-up period revealed significant increase in the serum levels of BCAA leucine (p < 0.02), isoleucine (p < 0.03), and valine (p < 0.02) while their renal fractional excretion declined (p < 0.02, p < 0.01 resp.). Keto acid-amino acid administration had no effect on renal function and on the clearance of inulin, para-aminohippuric acid. Endogenous creatinine and urea clearance remained unaltered. A significant correlation between fractional excretion of sodium and leucine (p < 0.05) and a hyperbolic relationship between inulin clearance and fractional excretion of BCAA (p < 0.01) were seen. Moreover, a significant decrease in proteinuria (p < 0.02), plasma urea concentration and renal urea excretion and a rise in albumin level (p < 0.03) were noted. We conclude that in patients with CRI on a low protein diet the supplementation of keto acids-amino acids does not affect renal hemodynamics, but is associated–despite increases in plasma concentrations–with a reduction of renal amino acid and protein excretion suggesting induction of alterations in the tubular transport mechanisms.

PMID:
11244613
[PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE]